HACKBERRY Celtis occidentalis L.

 

Other Name: Sugarberry.

Form:

 Medium or large tree up to 80 feet tall; trunk diameter up to 5 feet; crown usually oblong, with many small branchlets.

Bark:

 Gray, smooth on young trees and soon bearing "warts," becoming rough and scaly on old trees.

Twigs:

 Slender, gray to reddish‑brown, smooth, sometimes zigzag; leaf scars alternate, usually crescent‑shaped, with 3 bundle traces.

Buds:

 Slender, oval, pointed, brown or gray, finely hairy, about 1/4 inch long.

Leaves:

Alternate, simple; blades ovate or broadly lance‑shaped, long‑pointed at the tip, rounded or tapering at the asymmetrical base, up to 6 inches long and up to half as broad, usually coarsely toothed along the edges except sometimes near the base, smooth or more often rough‑hairy on one or both surfaces; leafstalks up to I inch long, smooth or hairy.

Flowers:

Arranged in drooping clusters, or sometimes solitary, appearing after the leaves are partly grown, greenish‑yellow, without petals.

Fruit:

Fleshy, nearly round, dark purple, about % inch in diame­ter, with I seed, ripening in September and October, borne on slender, drooping stalks.

Habitat:

  Low woodlands.

Distinguishing Features:

 Hackberry leaves resemble those of some elms, but have 3 main veins arising from the base of the blade.   The cork ridges on the bark are a distinguishing feature.

 

Study tree:

Height:

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Canopy:

UTM:

Soil pH near study tree:  

 

Resources: 

  Tree species facts from Robert Mohlenbrock , Forest Trees of Illinois , 1996

 

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